Delphi 10.4 Sydney的Object Pascal编程语言完整指南 2021-02-24 17:31:16
Begin.................................................................................................................................................... 2
一本关于当今语言的书.............................................................................................................2
通过实践学习.............................................................................................................................3
致谢............................................................................................................................................. 3
关于我自己,作者.....................................................................................................................4
第一部分:基础...............................................................................................................................16
第 1 章:Pascal 中的编码................................................................................................................17
1.1 让我们从代码开始............................................................................................................17
1.1.1 第一个控制台应用程序........................................................................................ 17
1.1.2 第一个视觉应用.....................................................................................................18
1.2 语法和编码风格................................................................................................................20
1.2.1 注释和 XML 文档................................................................................................... 21
1.2.2 符号标识符.............................................................................................................22
不区分大小写和大写的使用.................................................................................. 23
1.2.3 空白空间.................................................................................................................23
1.2.4 Indentation(缩进)...............................................................................................24
1.2.5 语法高亮.................................................................................................................25
Error Insight and Code Insights(错误见解和代码见解).................................... 25
1.3 语言关键词........................................................................................................................26
1.4 程序的结构........................................................................................................................28
1.4.1 单元和程序名称.....................................................................................................29
Dotted Unit Names(带点“.”的单元名称)......................................................29
More on the Structure of a Unit(有关单元结构的更多信息)...........................30
The Uses Clause(uses 部分)................................................................................ 31
1.4.2 单元和范围.............................................................................................................32
Using Units Like Namespaces(使用像命名空间一样的单元)...........................32
1.4.3 程序文件.................................................................................................................33
1.5 编译器指令........................................................................................................................33
1.5.1 条件定义.................................................................................................................34
1.5.2 Compiler Versions(编译器版本)........................................................................ 34
1.5.3 Include Files(包含文件)..................................................................................... 35
第二章 变量和数据类型.................................................................................................................36
2.1 变量和赋值........................................................................................................................36
2.1.1 文字值.....................................................................................................................37
2.1.2 赋值语句.................................................................................................................37
2.1.3 分配和转换.............................................................................................................38
2.1.4 初始化全局变量.....................................................................................................38
2.1.5 初始化局部变量.....................................................................................................38
2.1.6 初始化内联变量.....................................................................................................39
2.1.7 内联变量的类型推断............................................................................................. 39
2.1.8 Constants(常数)..................................................................................................40
内联常数...................................................................................................................40
Resource(资源)字符串常量................................................................................41
2.1.9 变量的生命周期和可见性.................................................................................... 41
52.2 Data Types(数据类型)...................................................................................................42
2.2.1 序数和数字类型.....................................................................................................42
Aliased Integer Types(别名整数类型)................................................................43
整数类型,64 位,NativeInt 和 LargeInt............................................................... 43
整数类型 Helper(助手).......................................................................................43
标准序数例程...........................................................................................................44
超出范围的操作.......................................................................................................45
2.2.2 Boolean.................................................................................................................... 46
2.2.3 Characters................................................................................................................ 46
Char Type Operations(字符类型操作)............................................................... 47
Char as an Ordinal Type(字符作为序数类型)....................................................47
Converting with Chr(用 Chr 转换)...................................................................... 48
32-bit Characters(32 位字符)..............................................................................48
2.2.4 Floating Point Types(浮点类型).........................................................................48
为什么浮点值不同...................................................................................................49
浮动助手和 Math 单元............................................................................................49
2.3 简单的用户定义数据类型................................................................................................50
2.3.1 命名与未命名类型................................................................................................ 50
2.3.2 类型别名.................................................................................................................51
2.3.3 子范围类型.............................................................................................................51
2.3.4 枚举类型.................................................................................................................52
Scoped Enumerators(范围枚举器).....................................................................52
2.3.5 集合类型.................................................................................................................53
集合运算符...............................................................................................................54
2.4 表达式和运算符................................................................................................................54
2.4.1 使用运算符.............................................................................................................54
显示表达式的结果...................................................................................................54
2.4.2 运算符和优先级.....................................................................................................55
关系和比较运算符(最低优先级)...................................................................... 55
加法运算符...............................................................................................................55
乘法和按位运算符...................................................................................................55
一元运算符(优先级最高).................................................................................. 56
2.5 日期和时间........................................................................................................................56
2.6 类型转换............................................................................................................................58
第三章 语言语句.............................................................................................................................60
3.1 简单和复合语句................................................................................................................60
3.2 if 语句.................................................................................................................................61
3.3 case 语句............................................................................................................................62
3.4 for 循环语句....................................................................................................................... 63
3.4.1 for-in 循环................................................................................................................65
3.5 While 和 Repeat 语句.........................................................................................................66
3.5.1 循环示例.................................................................................................................67
3.5.2 Break 和 Continue....................................................................................................68
Goto 来了吗? 没门!............................................................................................69
6第四章 例程和函数.........................................................................................................................70
4.1 例程和函数........................................................................................................................70
4.1.1 Forward 声明........................................................................................................... 71
4.1.2 递归函数.................................................................................................................72
4.1.3 什么是方法?.........................................................................................................73
4.2 参数和返回值....................................................................................................................73
4.2.1 Exit with a Result(结果退出)..............................................................................74
4.2.2 Reference Parameters(参考参数)......................................................................75
4.2.3 Constant Parameters(常数参数)........................................................................76
4.2.4 Function Overloading(函数重载)...................................................................... 77
4.2.5 重载和不明确的调用............................................................................................ 78
4.2.6 默认参数.................................................................................................................79
4.3 Inlining(内联).................................................................................................................80
4.4 函数的高级功能................................................................................................................82
4.4.1 Object Pascal 调用约定...........................................................................................82
4.4.2 程序类型.................................................................................................................83
4.4.3 外部函数声明.........................................................................................................84
延迟加载 DLL 函数...................................................................................................85
第五章 arrays(数组)和 records(记录)..................................................................................87
5.1 数组数据类型....................................................................................................................87
5.1.1 Static Arrays(静态数组)..................................................................................... 87
5.1.2 数组大小和边界.....................................................................................................88
5.1.3 多维静态数组.........................................................................................................89
5.1.4 Dynamic Arrays(动态数组)................................................................................ 90
动态阵列的本机运算...............................................................................................92
5.1.5 开放数组参数.........................................................................................................92
变体类型开放数组参数...........................................................................................93
5.2 记录数据类型....................................................................................................................95
5.2.1 使用记录数组.........................................................................................................96
5.2.2 Variant(变体)记录..............................................................................................97
5.2.3 Fields Alignments(字段对齐).............................................................................98
5.2.4 那么 With 语句呢?...............................................................................................99
5.3 带方法的记录..................................................................................................................100
5.3.1 Self:记录背后的魔力..........................................................................................101
5.3.2 初始化记录...........................................................................................................102
5.3.3 记录和 Constructors(构造函数).....................................................................102
5.3.4 Operators(操作符)Gain(增添)New Ground(新天地)...........................103
Operators Overloading(重载)Behind the Scenes(幕后)............................. 105
Implementing Commutativity(实现交换性).....................................................105
Implicit Cast and Type Promotions(隐式类型转换).........................................106
5.3.5 Operators 和自定义托管 Record(记录).........................................................106
带有初始化和终结运算符的记录........................................................................ 107
将托管记录作为参数传递.................................................................................... 108
Exceptions(例外)和托管记录 Managed Records.............................................109
7托管记录数组.........................................................................................................109
5.4 Variants(变体)..............................................................................................................109
5.4.1 变体没有类型.......................................................................................................110
5.4.2 深度的变体...........................................................................................................111
5.4.3 Variants Are Slow(变体变慢)...........................................................................111
5.5 指针呢?..........................................................................................................................112
5.6 File Types, Anyone(文件类型,有人吗)?.................................................................. 115
第六章 关于 Strings 的全部..........................................................................................................116
6.1 Unicode:整个世界的字母............................................................................................. 116
6.1.1 过去的字符:从 ASCII 到 ISO 编码.................................................................... 116
6.1.2 Unicode 代码点和字素......................................................................................... 117
6.1.3 从代码点到字节(UTF)....................................................................................117
6.1.4 The Byte Order Mark(字节顺序标记)............................................................. 118
6.1.5 看一下 Unicode.................................................................................................... 119
6.2 字符类型再探..................................................................................................................121
6.2.1 字符单元的 Unicode 操作...................................................................................121
6.2.2 Unicode 字符文字................................................................................................. 123
6.2.3 1 字节字符呢?.....................................................................................................124
6.3 字符串数据类型..............................................................................................................124
6.3.1 将字符串作为参数传递...................................................................................... 126
6.3.2 []和字符串字符计数模式的使用.........................................................................127
6.3.3 连接字符串...........................................................................................................128
6.3.4 字符串 Helper(助手)操作.............................................................................. 129
6.3.5 更多字符串 RTL 函数...........................................................................................132
6.3.6 格式化字符串.......................................................................................................132
6.3.7 字符串的内部结构.............................................................................................. 134
6.3.8 查看内存中的字符串.......................................................................................... 135
6.4 字符串和 Encoding(编码)..........................................................................................136
6.5 其他类型的字符串..........................................................................................................138
6.5.1 UCS4String 类型.....................................................................................................139
6.5.2 较旧的字符串类型.............................................................................................. 139
第二部分 Object pascal 的 oop.....................................................................................................140
第七章 Objects(对象).............................................................................................................. 141
7.1 介绍类和对象..................................................................................................................141
7.1.1 类的定义...............................................................................................................141
7.1.2 其他 OOP 语言的类............................................................................................. 142
7.1.3 类方法...................................................................................................................143
7.1.4 创建一个对象.......................................................................................................143
7.2 对象参考模型..................................................................................................................144
7.2.1 处理 Objects......................................................................................................... 145
7.2.2 什么是“Nil”?.........................................................................................................145
7.2.3 内存中的记录与类.............................................................................................. 146
7.3 Private(私有), Protected(受保护),和 Public 公共................................................ 146
7.3.1 private(私有的)数据的例子............................................................................ 147
87.3.2 Encapsulation(封装)和 Forms(表单)..........................................................149
7.4 Self 关键字........................................................................................................................150
7.4.1 动态创建组件.......................................................................................................151
7.5 Constructors(构造)......................................................................................................152
7.5.1 使用构造函数和析构函数管理本地类数据...................................................... 153
7.5.2 Overload(重载)方法和构造函数.................................................................... 154
7.5.3 完整的 TDate 类...................................................................................................155
7.6 嵌套类和嵌套常量..........................................................................................................157
第八章 Inheritance(继承)........................................................................................................ 160
8.1 从现有类继承..................................................................................................................160
8.2 普通基类..........................................................................................................................162
8.3 Protected(受保护的)字段和封装...............................................................................162
8.3.1 使用“Protected Hack(受保护的黑客)”.......................................................... 162
8.4 从 Inheritance(继承)到 Polymorphism(多态)..................................................... 164
8.4.1 Inheritance(继承)和类 Compatibility(兼容性)..........................................164
8.4.2 Late Binding(后期绑定)和 Polymorphism(多态).......................................165
8.4.3 Override(覆盖),Redefine(重新定义)和 Reintroduce(重新引入)方法........................ 167
8.4.4 Inheritance(继承)和 Constructor(构造函数)............................................ 168
8.4.5 Virtual(虚拟)与 Dynamic(动态)方法......................................................... 169
Windows 上的消息处理程序................................................................................ 169
8.5 Abstract(抽象)方法和类.............................................................................................170
8.5.1 Abstract(抽象)方法..........................................................................................170
8.5.2 Sealed(密封)类和 Final(最终)方法............................................................171
8.6 Safe(安全)类型转换运算符........................................................................................172
8.7 Visual Form Inheritance(可视表单继承)....................................................................173
8.7.1 从基本表单继承.................................................................................................. 174
第九章 异常处理...........................................................................................................................176
9.1 Try-Except 块.....................................................................................................................176
9.1.1 异常层次结构.......................................................................................................178
9.1.2 引发异常...............................................................................................................179
9.1.3 异常与 Stack(堆栈).........................................................................................180
9.2 Finally 块........................................................................................................................... 181
9.2.1 Finally 和 Except.................................................................................................... 181
9.2.2 在 Finally 块中恢复游标......................................................................................182
9.2.3 使用托管记录还原游标...................................................................................... 182
9.3 现实世界中的异常..........................................................................................................183
9.4 Global(全局)异常处理................................................................................................ 184
9.5 异常和构造函数..............................................................................................................184
9.6 异常的高级功能..............................................................................................................186
9.6.1 嵌套异常和 InnerException 机制........................................................................186
9.6.2 Intercepting(拦截)异常....................................................................................189
第十章 属性和事件.......................................................................................................................190
10.1 定义 property(属性)................................................................................................ 190
10.1.1 与其他编程语言相比的属性............................................................................ 191
910.1.2 给属性编码.........................................................................................................192
10.1.3 向表单添加属性................................................................................................ 193
10.1.4 将属性添加到 TDate 类.....................................................................................194
10.1.5 使用数组属性.................................................................................................... 196
10.1.6 通过引用设置属性............................................................................................ 196
10.2 Published(发布的)访问说明符.................................................................................197
10.2.1 Design-Time(设计时)属性............................................................................. 198
10.2.2 Published(发布的) and Forms(表单)...................................................... 198
10.2.3 自动 RTTI............................................................................................................ 199
10.3 事件驱动编程................................................................................................................200
10.3.1 方法指针.............................................................................................................201
10.3.2 Delegation(委托)的概念................................................................................202
10.3.3 事件就是属性.................................................................................................... 203
10.3.4 将事件添加到 TDate 类.....................................................................................204
10.4 创建一个 TDate 组件....................................................................................................206
10.5 在类中实现枚举支持....................................................................................................207
10.6 关于混合 RAD 和 OOP 的 15 个技巧...........................................................................209
技巧 1:Form(表单)就是类.....................................................................................210
技巧 2:Component(组件)名称.............................................................................. 210
技巧 3:Envent(事件)名称...................................................................................... 210
技巧 4:使用表单方法..................................................................................................210
技巧 5:添加表单构造函数......................................................................................... 211
技巧 6:避免全局变量..................................................................................................211
技巧 7:永远不要在 TForm1 方法中使用 Form1....................................................... 211
技巧 8:很少在其他表单中使用 Form1......................................................................211
技巧 9:删除全局 Form1 变量.....................................................................................211
技巧 10:添加表单属性................................................................................................212
技巧 11:公开组件属性................................................................................................212
技巧 12:在需要时使用数组属性............................................................................... 212
技巧 13:在属性中开始操作....................................................................................... 212
技巧 14:隐藏组件........................................................................................................213
技巧 15:使用 OOP 表单向导...................................................................................... 213
技巧结论.........................................................................................................................213
第十一章 Interfaces(接口).......................................................................................................214
11.1 使用 Interfaces(接口).............................................................................................. 214
11.1.1 声明接口.............................................................................................................215
11.1.2 Implementing(实施)接口...............................................................................215
11.1.3 接口和引用计数................................................................................................ 217
11.1.4 混合参考中的错误............................................................................................ 217
11.1.5 Weak(弱)和 Unsafe(不安全)的接口参考................................................219
11.2 先进的接口技术............................................................................................................220
11.2.1 接口属性.............................................................................................................220
11.2.2 接口 Delegation(委托)..................................................................................221
11.2.3 多重接口和方法别名........................................................................................ 222
1011.2.4 接口(Polymorphism)多态.............................................................................224
11.2.5 从接口引用中提取对象.................................................................................... 225
11.3 用接口实现 Adapter Pattern(适配器模式)............................................................ 226
第十二章 Manipulating(操纵)类.............................................................................................228
12.1 类方法和类数据............................................................................................................228
12.1.1 类数据.................................................................................................................228
12.1.2 虚拟类方法和隐藏的 self 参数.........................................................................229
12.1.3 类 Static(静态)方法...................................................................................... 229
静态类方法和 Windows API Callbacks(回调)..................................................230
12.1.4 类属性.................................................................................................................231
12.1.5 具有实例计数器的类........................................................................................ 231
12.2 类构造函数(和析构函数)....................................................................................... 232
12.2.1 RTL 中的类构造函数...........................................................................................233
12.2.2 实现 Singleton Pattern(单例模式)............................................................... 234
12.3 类参考............................................................................................................................234
12.3.1 RTL 中的类引用...................................................................................................235
12.3.2 使用类引用创建组件........................................................................................ 236
12.4 类和记录助手................................................................................................................237
12.4.1 类 Helper(助手).............................................................................................237
列表框的类助手器.................................................................................................239
12.4.2 类助手和继承.................................................................................................... 239
12.4.3 使用类助手添加控件枚举................................................................................ 240
12.4.4 记录内在类型的助手........................................................................................ 242
12.4.5 类型别名的助手................................................................................................. 243
第十三章 对象和内存...................................................................................................................245
13.1 全局数据,Stack(栈)和 Heap(堆).................................................................... 245
13.1.1 Global(全局)Memory..................................................................................... 245
13.1.2 Stack(栈)......................................................................................................... 246
13.1.3 Heap(堆)......................................................................................................... 246
13.2 对象参考模型................................................................................................................247
13.2.1 将对象作为参数传递........................................................................................ 247
13.3 内存管理技巧................................................................................................................248
13.3.1 销毁您创建的对象............................................................................................ 248
13.3.2 销毁对象一次.................................................................................................... 249
13.4 内存管理和接口............................................................................................................250
13.4.1 有关 Weak(弱)References(引用)的更多信息........................................251
Weak References Are Managed(弱引用被管理)............................................. 252
13.4.2 The Unsafe Attribute(不安全属性)............................................................... 253
13.5 Tracking(跟踪)和检查内存....................................................................................... 254
13.5.1 Memory Status(内存状态)............................................................................ 254
13.5.2 FastMM4.............................................................................................................. 254
13.5.3 跟踪泄漏和其他全局设置................................................................................ 255
13.5.4 Full FastMM4 中的缓冲区溢出.......................................................................... 256
13.5.5 Windows 以外的平台上的内存管理................................................................. 258
1113.5.6 跟踪每个类 Allocations(分配)..................................................................... 258
13.6 编写健壮的应用程序....................................................................................................258
13.6.1 构造函数,析构函数和异常............................................................................ 259
13.6.2 嵌套的 Finally 块................................................................................................260
13.6.3 Dynamic(动态)类检查................................................................................... 260
13.6.4 该指针是对象引用吗?.................................................................................... 261
第三部分 Advanced features(高级功能)................................................................................ 264
第十四章 generics(泛型)......................................................................................................... 265
14.1 Generic Key-Value Pairs(泛型键值对)...................................................................... 265
14.1.1 内联变量和泛型类型推断................................................................................ 267
14.1.2 泛型的类型规则................................................................................................ 267
14.2 Object Pascal 中的泛型..................................................................................................268
14.2.1 泛型类型兼容性规则........................................................................................ 269
14.2.2 标准类的泛型方法............................................................................................ 270
14.2.3 泛型类型实例化................................................................................................ 271
14.2.4 泛型类型函数.................................................................................................... 272
14.2.5 泛型类的类构造函数........................................................................................ 274
14.3 Generic Constraints(泛型约束).................................................................................275
14.3.1 Class Constraints(类约束).............................................................................. 276
14.3.2 特定类约束.........................................................................................................277
14.3.3 接口约束.............................................................................................................277
14.3.4 接口 References(参考)与泛型接口约束..................................................... 279
14.3.5 默认构造函数约束............................................................................................ 280
14.3.6 约束摘要和组合................................................................................................ 281
14.4 预定义的泛型容器........................................................................................................282
14.4.1 使用 TList<T>...................................................................................................... 282
14.4.2 对 TList <T>排序................................................................................................. 283
14.4.3 用匿名方法排序................................................................................................ 284
14.4.4 对象容器.............................................................................................................285
14.4.5 使用泛型 Dictionary(字典)...........................................................................286
14.4.6 字典与字符串 Lists(列表)............................................................................ 288
14.5 泛型接口........................................................................................................................289
14.5.1 预定义的泛型接口............................................................................................ 291
14.6 Object Pascal 中的智能指针..........................................................................................291
14.6.1 将记录用于智能指针........................................................................................ 292
14.6.2 使用泛型托管记录实现智能指针.................................................................... 293
14.6.3 使用泛型记录和接口实现智能指针................................................................ 294
14.6.4 添加隐式转换.................................................................................................... 295
14.6.5 Comparing(比较)智能指针解决方案........................................................... 296
14.7 具有泛型的 Covariant(协变)返回类型...................................................................296
14.7.1 Animals(动物),Dog(狗)和 Cat(猫)................................................... 297
14.7.2 具有泛型返回值的方法.................................................................................... 298
14.7.3 返回不同类的派生对象.................................................................................... 298
第十五章 Anonymous(匿名)方法........................................................................................... 300
1215.1 匿名方法的语法和语义............................................................................................... 300
15.1.1 匿名方法变量.................................................................................................... 300
15.1.2 匿名方法参数.................................................................................................... 301
15.2 使用局部变量................................................................................................................301
15.2.1 延长局部变量的寿命........................................................................................ 302
15.3 幕后的匿名方法............................................................................................................303
15.3.1 (可能)缺少括号............................................................................................ 303
15.3.2 匿名方法实现.................................................................................................... 304
15.3.3 准备使用参考类型............................................................................................ 305
15.4 现实世界中的匿名方法............................................................................................... 305
15.4.1 匿名事件处理程序............................................................................................ 306
15.4.2 计时匿名方法.................................................................................................... 307
15.4.3 Threads Synchronization(线程同步)..............................................................308
15.4.4 Object Pascal 中的 AJAX......................................................................................310
第十六章 reflection(反射)与 attributes(属性)..................................................................313
16.1 扩展 RTTI........................................................................................................................313
16.1.1 第一个例子.........................................................................................................313
16.1.2 编译器生成的信息............................................................................................ 314
16.1.3 弱类型和强类型链接........................................................................................ 315
16.2 RTTI 单元.........................................................................................................................316
16.2.1 Rtti 单元中的 RTTI 类..........................................................................................317
16.2.2 RTTI 对象生命周期管理和 TRttiContext 记录...................................................318
16.2.3 显示类信息.........................................................................................................319
16.2.4 RTTI for Packages(程序包)............................................................................. 320
16.3 TValue 结构.....................................................................................................................321
16.3.1 使用 TValue 读取属性....................................................................................... 322
16.3.2 Invoking(调用)方法........................................................................................323
16.4 使用属性........................................................................................................................323
16.4.1 什么是属性?.................................................................................................... 323
16.4.2 属性类和属性声明............................................................................................ 324
16.4.3 Browsing Attributes(浏览属性)..................................................................... 326
16.5 虚拟方法 Interceptors(拦截器)...............................................................................327
16.6 RTTI 案例研究.................................................................................................................330
16.6.1 ID 和说明的属性................................................................................................. 330
描述属性类.............................................................................................................331
样本类.....................................................................................................................331
示例项目和属性导航.............................................................................................332
16.6.2 XML Streaming(XML 流).................................................................................334
普通的 XML Writer 类............................................................................................334
基于经典 RTTI 的流............................................................................................... 335
具有扩展 RTTI 的流字段....................................................................................... 336
使用属性来自定义流.............................................................................................337
16.6.3 其他基于 RTTI 的库........................................................................................... 339
第十七章 TObject 和 system 单元................................................................................................340
1317.1 TObject 类....................................................................................................................... 340
17.1.1 构造函数和析构函数........................................................................................ 340
17.1.2 了解对象.............................................................................................................341
17.1.3 TObject 类的更多方法........................................................................................341
显示类信息.............................................................................................................342
17.1.4 TObject 的虚拟方法............................................................................................342
ToString 方法.......................................................................................................... 343
Equals(等于)方法.............................................................................................. 343
GetHashCode 方法................................................................................................. 343
使用 TObject 虚拟方法..........................................................................................344
17.1.5 TObject 类摘要.................................................................................................... 345
17.1.6 Unicode 和类名................................................................................................... 346
17.2 系统单元........................................................................................................................346
17.2.1 选定的系统类型................................................................................................ 347
17.2.2 系统单元中的接口............................................................................................ 347
17.2.3 选定的系统 Routines(例程)......................................................................... 348
17.2.4 预定义的 RTTI 属性........................................................................................... 348
第十八章 其他核心 RTL 类...........................................................................................................350
18.1 Class Unit(类单元).....................................................................................................350
18.1.1 类单元中的类.................................................................................................... 350
18.1.2 TPersistent(持久)类........................................................................................351
18.1.3 TComponent 类....................................................................................................352
Components Ownership(所有权)..................................................................... 352
组件属性.................................................................................................................353
组件流.....................................................................................................................353
18.2 现代文件访问................................................................................................................353
18.2.1 IOUtils(输入/输出实用程序)单元.................................................................354
提取子文件夹.........................................................................................................354
搜索文件.................................................................................................................354
18.2.2 Streams(流)介绍............................................................................................ 355
普通 Stream(流)类............................................................................................355
使用 Streams(流).............................................................................................. 355
18.2.3 使用 Readers 和 Writers.................................................................................... 356
Readers(文本阅读器)和 writers(文本编写器)...........................................356
二进制读写器.........................................................................................................357
18.3 构建字符串和字符串列表........................................................................................... 358
18.3.1 TStringBuilder 类..................................................................................................358
StringBuilder 中的方法链接.................................................................................. 358
18.3.2 使用字符串列表................................................................................................ 359
18.4 运行时库很大................................................................................................................359
in closing..........................................................................................................................................362
end...................................................................................................................................................362
文件列表 | 大小 |
---|---|
Delphi 10.4 Sydney的Object Pascal编程语言完整指南.pdf | 2.45MB |